Description:

Kostroma breed of cattle, dairy and meat production. Deduced
in the state farm "Karavaevo and breeding farms, Kostroma and Yaroslavl region
by crossing the local cattle with miskovskogo algausskoy and shvitskoy rocks.
Approved in 1945.

One of the most productive breeds dairy beef. Animals large shirokotelye, with
strong bone and well muscled. Differ-intensive growth and good meat qualities.
Color from light to dark gray. Bulls weigh 850-950 (sometimes up to 1000) kg,
cows – 550-650 kg. The average annual yield of 4000-5000 kg of milk fat content
of 3,7-3,9%. Fattening neuters at the age of 18 months. weigh 450-500 kg.
Slaughter yield over 60%.

Kostroma breed is widely used to improve the productive qualities of many breeds
and local cattle.

Breed in Kostroma, Ivanovo, Vladimir, areas in Belarus.

Kostroma breed used in the derivation of Alatau breed.

Description:

Black lemming breed of cattle, dairy. Deduced in the Soviet Union by crossing
local cattle bred in different zones, with Ostphreis, black-motley Swedish and
other rocks of similar origin.

In animals, black-motley breed torso slightly elongated, proportional; udders
voluminous, elastic skin. Color black-and-white. Because of the difference
properties of the source of local cattle, natural conditions, the level of
breeding in the rock was formed several groups and types, distinguished by
exterior features, udoyu, zhirnomolochnosti. In Russia – the most significant
differences between black and white cattle central regions, the Urals and
Siberia.

Black-and-white cattle central regions of Russia was formed by crossing the
Dutch and Ostphreis cattle with local, Holmogorski, Yaroslavl, partially used
hybrids shvitskoy and Simmental breeds. Large Animals (bulls weigh 900-1000,
cows – 550-650 kg), with a high milk production (average annual yield of about
4000, in the tribal households – up to 6000 kg), but less than other groups on
the fat content of milk (3.6 – 3 , 7%).

Black-and-white cattle of the Urals was formed mainly by crossing Tagil breed
with ostfrizami and partially black-and-white cattle Baltic. In animals, several
lightweight dry-type constitution, the average annual yield of 3700-3800, in the
tribal households – up to 5500 kg of milk fat content of 3,8-4,0%.

Black-and-white cattle of Siberia was created by crossing the local Siberian
cattle with the Dutch, the animals smaller. As productivity is slightly inferior
to other groups (average annual yield of more than 3500, in the tribal
households – up to 5000 kg of milk fat content of 3,7-3,9%).

Meat quality of black-motley breed satisfactory. With the dramatic growth of
average daily gain of calves 800-1000 g, for 15 to 16 months of age animals
weigh 420-480 kg. Slaughter yield 50-55%. Breeding work is aimed at improving
the breed by pure breeding for local conditions in different areas. To improve
the constitution of animals and increasing milk production in farms use oxen
Dutch Holstein-Friesian breeds.

The main breeding areas: the north-western regions of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus,
Baltic States, Uzbekistan and the Urals, Western and Eastern Siberia, the Far
East.

Description:

Red Steppe breed of cattle, dairy. Shaped by the end of 18 century. the
territory of modern Zaporizhzhya region of Ukraine. Used crossing gray with a
red steppe cattle ostfrislyandskim, red, German, angelnskim, etc. Before the end
of the 19. hybrids were bred in the Ukraine "in itself", in other areas where
they crossed with local cattle. Since 20-ies. 20 at. is systematic work on the
breeding of the breed.


Animals dry, dense, strong constitution. Color is red, different shades, in many
animals white markings on the head and torso. Adult breeding bulls weigh 800-900
(sometimes 1200) kg, cows – 45-550 (sometimes up to 700) kg. The average annual
yield of 3800-4500 kg of milk fat content of 3,6 – 3,8%.

Animals adapted to hot climate, well acclimatized.

The main breeding areas – the south of European part of CIS, Western Siberia,
Kazakhstan.